sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, or light grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, beige, or light grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, or light grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in river, lake, or ocean environments over millions of years. This specimen shows signs of water-worn weathering and potential fracture lines.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a construction material (dimension stone), in glass manufacturing if high in silica, and as a popular decorative garden stone or aquifer material.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon and the Treasury at Petra are carved primarily from sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible grains. Often found in riverbeds or coastal cliffs. Collectors should look for unique cross-bedding or fossil inclusions.
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