sedimentary
Hematitic Sandstone
Sandstone with Iron Oxide (Hematite) staining
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan/light grey with reddish-brown staining; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.3-2.6
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan/light grey with reddish-brown staining
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan/light grey with reddish-brown staining; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.3-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation of sand-sized grains, primarily quartz, which are then cemented by minerals like silica or calcium carbonate. The red staining occurs as oxygenated groundwater carries dissolved iron (hematite) through the porous rock, leaving behind oxide deposits.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, paving stone, and in glass manufacturing or metal smelting depending on purity. Small specimens are collected for decorative or educational purposes.
Geological facts
The red color is chemically identical to rust. If the iron staining forms concentric rings, the specimen is often called a Liesegang stone.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and the distinct red-to-maroon staining that often follows bedding planes or pore spaces. Frequently found in riverbeds, deserts, and coastal areas.
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