mineral
Hematite (likely Botryoidal or Specularite variant)
Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)
Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black, reddish-brown streak; Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Specific Gravity: 5.26
- Hardness
- 5
- Color
- Steel-gray to black, reddish-brown streak
- Luster
- Metallic to sub-metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black, reddish-brown streak; Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Specific Gravity: 5.26
Formation & geological history
Forms as a primary mineral and an alteration product in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Often found in banded iron formations or as a precipitate from hot mineral springs.
Uses & applications
The main ore of iron for steel production; used as a pigment (ochre), in jewelry as beads or intaglios, and for polishing compounds (jeweller's rouge).
Geological facts
The name is derived from the Greek word for blood 'haima' because it turns red when powdered. It is also found in large quantities on the surface of Mars, giving the planet its reddish hue.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its high density and characteristic brick-red streak when rubbed against an unglazed porcelain plate. Common in locations like the Lake Superior district (USA), Brazil, and Australia.
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Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Schist
Schist
Metamorphic
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)
Mineral
Nephrite Jade
Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous