sedimentary

Hematite-rich Ironstone

Ferruginous Rock (Fe2O3)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Reddish-brown to steel grey; Luster: Metallic to earthy; Structure: Often massive or oolitic; Specific Gravity: 5.0-5.3

Hardness: 5
Color: Reddish-brown to steel grey
Luster: Metallic to earthy

Identified June 21, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Reddish-brown to steel grey; Luster: Metallic to earthy; Structure: Often massive or oolitic; Specific Gravity: 5.0-5.3

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily through the precipitation of iron from sea or lake water, often in Precambrian Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) dating back 2.4 billion years.

Uses & applications

Main ore of iron for steel production; used as pigments (ochre), in heavy media separation, and occasionally for jewelry/beads.

Geological facts

Hematite is responsible for the red color of many soils worldwide and even the surface of Mars. It is non-magnetic in its pure form but can contain magnetite inclusions.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic cherry-red streak when rubbed on unglazed porcelain. Commonly found in large sedimentary basins in Australia, Brazil, and the Lake Superior region.