mineral

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Steel-gray to black (silver metallic when polished); Luster: Metallic; Crystal system: Trigonal; Streak: Reddish-brown; Density: 5.26 g/cm3

Hardness: 5
Color: Steel-gray to black (silver metallic when polished)
Luster: Metallic

Identified July 9, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Steel-gray to black (silver metallic when polished); Luster: Metallic; Crystal system: Trigonal; Streak: Reddish-brown; Density: 5.26 g/cm3

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in sedimentary environments as a result of precipitation from water, often found in banded iron formations. Can also form as a secondary mineral through weathering or in hydrothermal veins and igneous environments.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron for steel production. Widely used in jewelry as beads and tumbled stones, as a pigment (ochre), and in radiation shielding.

Geological facts

The name is derived from the Greek word for blood (haima) because it produces a blood-red powder when crushed. It is also found in abundance on the planet Mars, giving the Red Planet its signature color.

Field identification & locations

A key identification feature is the red-brown streak it leaves on a porcelain plate, regardless of the specimen's outward metallic appearance. It is much denser/heavier than common rocks of similar size.