sedimentary
Sandstone (Red)
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Reddish-brown due to iron oxide
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, often in desert or river environments. The red color suggests deposition in an oxygen-rich environment where iron minerals oxidized.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in decorative masonry, landscaping, and as a reservoir rock in the petroleum industry.
Geological facts
Red sandstone is what gives famous landscapes like the Grand Canyon and Sedona, Arizona, their distinctive color. It often preserves ripple marks and cross-bedding from ancient dunes.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible grains. It is extremely common in sedimentary basins worldwide. For collectors, look for unique weathering patterns or fossils.
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