sedimentary
Sandstone
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Gray, tan, brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8. Features visible sand-sized grains.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Gray, tan, brown
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Gray, tan, brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8. Features visible sand-sized grains.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the compaction and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years. This usually occurs in desert, river, or ocean basin environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a construction material (dimension stone), in glass manufacturing (if high silica content), and as a reservoir rock for oil and gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Because it is porous, it acts as a natural filter for groundwater.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel. It is found globally in sedimentary basins. Look for bedding planes and cross-bedding structures.
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