sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 based)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan, brown, reddish
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in river beds, beaches, or deserts. Often millions of years old.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction as a building stone, for decorative pavers, and as a source of silica for glass manufacturing. Orally, it's a common landscaping rock.
Geological facts
Sandstone is a primary reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum because of its high porosity and permeability. Famous structures like the treasury at Petra are carved entirely out of sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. Found globally in basins and near continental margins. Collectors look for unique banding or fossils.
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