sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grain-supported); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2 - 2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, beige, or grey
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 19, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grain-supported); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2 - 2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically silicate minerals like quartz and feldspar. Usually deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or marine environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for walling, flooring, and masonry. It is also used in the manufacturing of glass and for aquarium decor.

Geological facts

Sandstone can preserve ancient environmental records like ripple marks and cross-bedding. Famous monuments like the Treasury at Petra and the Red Fort in India are carved from sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sand-like texture (feels like sandpaper). It is found globally in sedimentary basins and outcrops. Look for layered bedding planes.