sedimentary
Yellow Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Mustard yellow to brownish-gold; Luster: Vitreous to dull (waxy when polished); Structure: Microcrystalline/Cryptocrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Mustard yellow to brownish-gold
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull (waxy when polished)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Mustard yellow to brownish-gold; Luster: Vitreous to dull (waxy when polished); Structure: Microcrystalline/Cryptocrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from water or hydrothermal fluids into cracks or volcanic ash beds. The yellow color is caused by the presence of Goethite or other iron hydroxide inclusions. It is found in various geological layers from the Precambrian to recent eras.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in the lapidary arts for cabochons, beads, and decorative carvings. It is also a popular stone for tumbling, holistic healing practices, and as a durable material for jewelry due to its hardness.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. Historically, yellow jasper was known as a 'traveler's stone' of protection. It is often found as smooth river-worn stones because its high quartz content makes it resistant to physical weathering.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opacity (it does not transmit light even on thin edges, unlike agate), its smooth waxy texture, and its inability to be scratched by a steel knife. Common locations include India, South Africa, Madagascar, and the western United States.
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