igneous
Iron Meteorite
Siderite (Meteoric Iron-Nickel alloy)
Hardness: 4-5 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark brown to metallic silver-grey; Luster: Metallic; Crystal structure: Octahedral or Hexahedral; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 7.0 - 8.0 (Extremely heavy/dense)
- Hardness
- 4-5 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Dark brown to metallic silver-grey
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 4-5 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark brown to metallic silver-grey; Luster: Metallic; Crystal structure: Octahedral or Hexahedral; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 7.0 - 8.0 (Extremely heavy/dense)
Formation & geological history
Formed in the molten cores of differentiated asteroids or protoplanets early in the solar system's history (approx. 4.5 billion years ago). They were released into space via massive collisions.
Uses & applications
Primarily for scientific research and private collection. Highly valued by museums and space enthusiasts. Historically used as a source of iron by ancient civilizations.
Geological facts
Many iron meteorites exhibit Widmanstätten patterns—a unique crisscross crystalline structure visible when sliced and etched, which can only form by cooling extremely slowly over millions of years.
Field identification & locations
Identify by high density (very heavy for its size), strong magnetism, and a fusion crust (a dark, thin rind). In the field, look for 'regmaglypts' (thumbprint-like depressions) on the surface.
