
sedimentary
Iron-rich concretion or weathered ironstone
Goethite–hematite limonite aggregate (FeO(OH), Fe₂O₃, and hydrated iron oxides)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectDark brown to black, reddish weathering surfaces, earthy to submetallic luster, and irregular botryoidal texture; typically opaque, hardness about 4–6, with no obvious cleavage. The image alone cannot confirm whether it is an ironstone, slag, or meteorite.
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Physical properties
Dark brown to black, reddish weathering surfaces, earthy to submetallic luster, and irregular botryoidal texture; typically opaque, hardness about 4–6, with no obvious cleavage. The image alone cannot confirm whether it is an ironstone, slag, or meteorite.
Formation & geological history
Likely formed by groundwater precipitation and weathering that concentrated iron oxides in sediment, commonly during the Cenozoic or older weathering cycles. Its rounded shape may reflect stream transport; a meteorite identification would require density, magnetic, and laboratory tests.
Uses & applications
Common ironstone has limited collector value and historically served as iron ore or pigment; it is not normally used as a gemstone or construction stone.
Geological facts
A strong magnet, unusually high density, and a thin fusion crust could suggest meteorite, but rust-colored iron oxides and porous, pitted surfaces more commonly indicate terrestrial ironstone. Metallic streaks or glassy vesicles may instead indicate industrial slag.
Field identification & locations
Common in lateritic soils, river gravels, coastal gravels, and iron-rich sedimentary formations worldwide. Check streak (hematite red-brown; magnetite black), magnetism, heft, and for visible quartz or vesicles; definitive identification needs testing.
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