mineral

Iron-rich laterite or limonite-rich weathered rock

Hydrated iron oxides, chiefly goethite (FeO(OH)) and limonite; possibly ironstone

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Dark reddish-brown, earthy to submetallic luster with rusty yellow-brown patches and irregular pores. Typically hardness 4–5.5 (goethite), no obvious cleavage, and high specific gravity around 3.0–4.3; may be weakly magnetic if magnetite is present.

Identified August 29, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms through intense chemical weathering and oxidation of iron-bearing rocks, commonly producing laterite or ironstone in warm, humid environments. It is generally geologically young relative to its parent rock, ranging from recent soil crusts to ancient weathering profiles.

Uses & applications

Used as an iron ore when sufficiently concentrated, and historically as a natural ochre pigment. Attractive pieces are collected, but this specimen appears common and has little jewelry value.

Geological facts

The yellow-brown material is likely hydrated iron oxide, while the dark brown matrix may contain goethite, hematite, or manganese oxides. Rust-red coloration results from iron oxidation rather than metallic copper or gold.

Field identification & locations

Look for a rusty streak, earthy texture, heavy feel, and possible yellow-brown powder; a streak test and magnet test would help distinguish goethite/limonite from hematite or magnetite. Common in tropical weathering zones and oxidized ore deposits worldwide.