sedimentary
Sandstone (Calcareous or Ferruginous)
Clastic sedimentary rock (SiO2 with CaCO3 or Fe2O3 cement)
Hardness: 6-7 (grains), 3-4 (cement); Color: Cream, tan, and grey with possible mineral staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (grains), 3-4 (cement)
- Color
- Cream, tan, and grey with possible mineral staining
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (grains), 3-4 (cement); Color: Cream, tan, and grey with possible mineral staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in marine or desert environments. This specimen appears to have undergone cementation by calcite or silica over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a construction material (dimension stone), road aggregate, or as a source of silica for glass manufacturing.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is a vital reservoir rock for groundwater, oil, and natural gas due to its high porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture and visible mineral grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins, canyons, and coastal cliffs. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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