sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, brown, yellow, and tan; Luster: Dull to waxy; Structure: Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Opaque.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Red, brown, yellow, and tan
- Luster
- Dull to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, brown, yellow, and tan; Luster: Dull to waxy; Structure: Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Opaque.
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica-rich fluids permeating volcanic or sedimentary rocks, often resulting from the replacement of original materials. Most specimens found on surfaces are from the Cenozoic or Mesozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for lapidary work, jewelry (cabochons), tumbled stones, and as ornamental landscaping rock.
Geological facts
Jasper is a variety of chalcedony. Its patterns and colors are caused by impurities such as iron oxides. The name 'Jasper' is derived from a Greek word meaning 'spotted stone'.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (cannot be scratched by a knife), smooth texture, and colorful opaque patterns. Common in riverbeds and gravel deposits worldwide.
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