sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Brown/Ochre; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brown/Ochre
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Brown/Ochre; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the infiltration of silica-rich fluids into volcanic ash or fine sedimentary clays. Often associated with ancient volcanic hydrothermal environments or marine sediments.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a gemstone for jewelry, lapidary arts, decorative gravel, and as a healing stone in metaphysical communities.
Geological facts
Jasper is a variety of chalcedony that is opaque due to high mineral content. Brown jasper specifically is often referred to as 'Egyptian Marble' or 'Mud Jasper' depending on the pattern.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque nature (unlike agate), smooth conchoidal fracture, and high hardness. Common in riverbeds, beaches, and desert plains globally.
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