mineral
Kaolinite (Kaolin)
Kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Pure white, sometimes stained reddish or yellow; Luster: Pearly to dull earthy; Crystal Structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Perfect basal cleavage; Specific Gravity: 2.6.
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Pure white, sometimes stained reddish or yellow
- Luster
- Pearly to dull earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Pure white, sometimes stained reddish or yellow; Luster: Pearly to dull earthy; Crystal Structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Perfect basal cleavage; Specific Gravity: 2.6.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the chemical weathering of aluminum silicate minerals like feldspar in igneous or metamorphic rocks, often in warm, moist climates.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in the production of paper (for gloss), ceramics, porcelain, toothpaste, light bulbs, cosmetics, and as a food additive or medicine (adsorbent).
Geological facts
The name 'Kaolin' is derived from 'Gaoling', a Chinese village where this clay was historically mined for the creation of fine porcelain or 'China clay'.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its soft, plastic feel when wet, an earthy odor, and its ability to be easily scratched with a fingernail. Found in deep weathering crusts or sedimentary basins.
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