sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Clastic Terrigenous Sedimentary Rock (typically Hematitic Quartz Arenite or Arkose)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale, determined by quartz grains); Color: Reddish-brown to maroon; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale, determined by quartz grains)
- Color
- Reddish-brown to maroon
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale, determined by quartz grains); Color: Reddish-brown to maroon; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in high-energy environments like riverbeds or deserts. The red color indicates iron oxide (hematite) staining of the grains, often occurring in continental or 'Red Bed' sequences from the Paleozoic or Mesozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material, dimension stone for architecture, paving/flooring, and as a source of quartz for glass manufacturing or abrasives.
Geological facts
Red sandstone is famous for creating the iconic scenery of the American Southwest, such as the Grand Canyon and Sedona. Many formations are 'Old Red Sandstone' which dates back to the Devonian period.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. It is commonly found in basins or arid regions with exposed sedimentary strata. Collectors should look for distinct layering (bedding) or fossils.
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