sedimentary
Sandstone (Banded)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (composed of SiO2, CaCO3, or Fe2O3 cement)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, gray, and buff with visible banding; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-rich)
- Color
- Tan, brown, gray, and buff with visible banding
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brown, gray, and buff with visible banding; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, often in riverbeds, deserts, or marine environments. The banding suggests seasonal deposition or changes in water velocity during formation.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction for building stone/facades, as an abrasive in industrial grinding, and as a decorative stone in landscaping or carving.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Banded varieties are often popular with collectors for their wood-like appearance, sometimes leading to confusion with petrified wood.
Field identification & locations
To identify in the field, look for a gritty feel (like sandpaper) and visible layers or 'lamination'. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and canyons globally.
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