sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (with Iron Oxide)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (quartz grains); Color: Reddish-brown to orange due to hematite; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale (quartz grains)
- Color
- Reddish-brown to orange due to hematite
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (quartz grains); Color: Reddish-brown to orange due to hematite; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The red color suggests deposition in an oxidizing environment, common in desert dunes or river floodplains during the Paleozoic or Mesozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction as dimension stone, for paving, landscaping, and historically for statues and temples due to its workability.
Geological facts
Red sandstone is famous for creating the dramatic landscapes of the American Southwest, such as the Grand Canyon and Sedona's Red Rocks. It often preserves ripple marks and cross-bedding from ancient winds.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering. It is commonly found in basins and arid regions worldwide.
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