sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Grey, tan, or brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Grey, tan, or brown
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Grey, tan, or brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years in environments such as river beds, deserts, or ocean floors.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in the manufacturing of glass, for road construction, and as a grit for grinding and sharpening tools.
Geological facts
Sandstone often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient environments, acting as a geological time capsule. It covers about 25% of the earth's sedimentary rock surface.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible layers (bedding). It is found worldwide, especially in arid regions like the American Southwest and coastal cliffs.
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