Rock Identifier
Granite (Granite (Mainly Quartz SiO2, Alkali Feldspar (K,Na)AlSi3O8, and Plagioclase Feldspar)) — igneous
igneous

Granite

Granite (Mainly Quartz SiO2, Alkali Feldspar (K,Na)AlSi3O8, and Plagioclase Feldspar)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled pink, white, gray, and black; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained) holocrystalline; Cleavage: Often lacks cleavage in the mass, but individual mineral components exhibit their own; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.

Hardness
6-7 on Mohs scale
Color
Mottled pink, white, gray, and black
Luster
Dull to vitreous
Identified More igneous →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled pink, white, gray, and black; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained) holocrystalline; Cleavage: Often lacks cleavage in the mass, but individual mineral components exhibit their own; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). They are plutonic rocks, typically associated with continental crust formation over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as a dimension stone in architecture due to its durability.

Geological facts

Granite makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust. Famous natural landmarks like Yosemite's El Capitan and Mount Rushmore are carved into granite batholiths.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found in abundance in mountain ranges and shields globally. Collectors look for unique mineral inclusions or pegmatitic varieties.

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