mineral
Milky Quartz with Iron Staining
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite
Mohs hardness: 7, Color: white to translucent with orange/red staining, Luster: vitreous to greasy, Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: poor/conchoidal fracture
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 7, Color: white to translucent with orange/red staining, Luster: vitreous to greasy, Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: poor/conchoidal fracture
Formation & geological history
Hydrothermal formation in veins or as a primary mineral in igneous and metamorphic rocks. The red coloration is due to the oxidation of iron-bearing minerals (rusting) on the surface or in micro-fractures.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a decorative garden stone, in glass manufacturing, as an abrasive, or as a source of silicon for electronics. Rough specimens are popular for amateur collecting.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. Iron-stained quartz is often found near gold deposits as both minerals frequently precipitate from the same hydrothermal fluids.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of clear cleavage, and waxy luster. Common in riverbeds, glacial till, and mountainous outcrops globally.
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