mineral
Milky Quartz with Iron Staining
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: White to orange-brown (iron-stained); Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (hexagonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- White to orange-brown (iron-stained)
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: White to orange-brown (iron-stained); Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (hexagonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed from the cooling of silica-rich hydrothermal fluids in veins or pegmatites; the orange coloration is due to the secondary oxidation of iron-bearing minerals (limonite/hematite) on the surface or within fractures.
Uses & applications
Used as a source of silica for glassmaking, abrasive in sandblasting, decorative landscaping, and occasionally as a minor gemstone while tumbled.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust; the 'milky' appearance is caused by tiny inclusions of gas or liquid trapped during crystal growth.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and waxy luster. Common globally in river beds, beaches, and mountainous regions as float or vein material.
