mineral
Milky Quartz with Iron Staining
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: White to yellowish-orange; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65.
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- White to yellowish-orange
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: White to yellowish-orange; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed from hydrothermal solutions or cooling magma in igneous veins. The yellow color is caused by secondary iron oxide staining (limonite or goethite) from weathering. Common in the Sierra Nevada foothills near Sacramento.
Uses & applications
Used in construction aggregates, glass making, electronics (piezoelectric properties), and as decorative landscaping stone. Minor interest for lapidary collectors.
Geological facts
Quartz is the most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. This specimen's color is likely a surface coating or infusion into micro-fractures rather than a true citrine variety.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (cannot be scratched by steel), lack of cleavage, and waxy luster. Common in riverbeds and gold-bearing quartz veins in California.
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