sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale, though individual grains can dislodge); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of rounded or angular grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (on Mohs scale, though individual grains can dislodge)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale, though individual grains can dislodge); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of rounded or angular grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deltas, or deserts over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, masonry for paving and landscape design, and as a reservoir rock in the petroleum industry due to its porosity.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon exhibit massive layers of colorful sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering or bedding planes. It is found globally in sedimentary basins.
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