metamorphic
Nephrite Jade (Yellow Skin)
Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)
Hardness: 6.0-6.5; Color: Creamy white with yellow/orange 'skin'; Luster: Greasy to waxy; Structure: Interlocking microcrystalline fibers (felted); Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.0.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Creamy white with yellow/orange 'skin'
- Luster
- Greasy to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0-6.5; Color: Creamy white with yellow/orange 'skin'; Luster: Greasy to waxy; Structure: Interlocking microcrystalline fibers (felted); Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.0.
Formation & geological history
Formed via contact metamorphism between magnesium-rich limestones and acidic igneous rocks. The yellowish surface is a secondary weathering rind formed by iron oxidation during alluvial transport.
Uses & applications
Highly valued in Asian culture for jewelry, amulets, and religious carvings. Used as decorative ornaments and for traditional sculpture.
Geological facts
This specimen is often called 'Mutton Fat Jade' with a 'Gold Skin.' In Chinese culture, nephrite jade represents purity and longevity and is considered more valuable if it has a natural river-worn weathered skin.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic greasy luster and extreme toughness (resistance to chipping). It is significantly heavier than plastic or glass of the same size. Commonly found in riverbeds in Xinjiang, China, and British Columbia.
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