metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Tremolite-Actinolite solid solution Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Hardness: 6.0-6.5; Color: Dark olive green to sage; Luster: Waxy to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic (fibrous/interlocking); Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.1
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Dark olive green to sage
- Luster
- Waxy to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0-6.5; Color: Dark olive green to sage; Luster: Waxy to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic (fibrous/interlocking); Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.1
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional metamorphism of magnesium-rich limestones (dolomites) or ultrabasic rocks like serpentinite. These specimens often originate from the Mesozoic or Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for jewelry reaching back thousands of years, ornamental carvings, sculpture, and as architectural accents in high-end decor.
Geological facts
Nephrite is famous for its extreme toughness, which is caused by an interlocking felt-like microfiber structure that makes it harder to break than steel of the same density.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its waxy appearance, extreme weight for its size, and the fact that it cannot be scratched by a common knife. Primarily found in riverbeds as water-worn cobbles in areas of BC Canada, New Zealand, and Wyoming.
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