metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Tremolite-actinolite series (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)
Hardness: 6-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Dark green with lighter mottling; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Structure: Interlocking microcrystalline fibers; Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.0
- Hardness
- 6-6
- Color
- Dark green with lighter mottling
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Dark green with lighter mottling; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Structure: Interlocking microcrystalline fibers; Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.0
Formation & geological history
Formed through regional or contact metamorphism of serpentinite or dolomitic limestone, typically in subduction zones where high pressure and heat are present.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in jewelry, ornamental carvings, sacred artifacts, and historically for durable tools like axe heads due to its extreme toughness.
Geological facts
Nephrite is famous for its incredible toughness, which is even higher than diamond, making it resistant to fracturing. It has been used by diverse cultures from Ancient China to the Maori of New Zealand.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its soapy or greasy feel when polished and its inability to be scratched by a steel knife. It is commonly found in British Columbia, New Zealand, Russia, and Wyoming.
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