metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Tremolite-actinolite series (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)
Mohs hardness 6.0-6.5; exceptionally tough due to interlocking fibrous structure; colors range from dark green to black-green, often with a greasy or waxy luster when wet; monoclinic crystal system.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 6.0-6.5; exceptionally tough due to interlocking fibrous structure; colors range from dark green to black-green, often with a greasy or waxy luster when wet; monoclinic crystal system.
Formation & geological history
Formed through contact metamorphism or metasomatism of ultramafic rocks or impure limestones/dolomites; often found in alpine-type serpentinite belts as river-worn boulders or in situ deposits.
Uses & applications
Historically used for tools and weapons due to its toughness; currently used for fine jewelry, decorative carvings, and ornamental art.
Geological facts
Nephrite is one of two minerals known as jade (the other being Jadeite). It is famous for its extreme durability, making it tougher than steel by volume. It has deep cultural significance in China and among the Maori people of New Zealand.
Field identification & locations
Field identification focuses on its extreme toughness (hard to break), smooth 'soapy' feel, and light transmission through thin edges when باستخدام a bright flashlight. Commonly found in riverbeds in regions like British Columbia, New Zealand, and Wyoming.
