igneous

Granite

Granite (Phaneritic Igneous Rock)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-tan with dark specks; Luster: Dull to pearly (vitreous on fresh surfaces); Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Pinkish-tan with dark specks
Luster: Dull to pearly (vitreous on fresh surfaces)

Identified April 2, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). They can form over millions of years and are found in the continental crust, often appearing in mountain ranges after uplift and erosion.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.

Geological facts

Granite is the most common igneous rock found at Earth's surface and makes up a significant portion of the continental crust. Half Dome in Yosemite National Park is a famous granite batholith.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and large, interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found in tectonic plate margins and core areas of mountains.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous