igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (white/grey with black specks); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Salt and pepper (white/grey with black specks)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (white/grey with black specks); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). Most granites date from the Precambrian to the Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments/gravestones.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Its name comes from the Latin word 'granum', meaning a grain, in reference to its coarse-grained structure.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking crystalline texture and lack of foliation. Common in mountain ranges and continental shields. Look for visible crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica.
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