gemstone

Orange Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Hardness: 9 on Mohs scale; Color: Intense orange/fiery red-orange; Luster: Adamantine to vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal (trigonal); Specific gravity: 3.95-4.10

Hardness: 9 on Mohs scale
Color: Intense orange/fiery red-orange
Luster: Adamantine to vitreous

Identified July 13, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 9 on Mohs scale; Color: Intense orange/fiery red-orange; Luster: Adamantine to vitreous; Crystal system: Hexagonal (trigonal); Specific gravity: 3.95-4.10

Formation & geological history

Formed in metamorphic rocks such as mica schist or gneiss, and occasionally in igneous rocks like basalt or pegmatites. The location provided (Jakarta, Indonesia) is not a primary mining site for sapphire, but Southeast Asia (notably Myanmar, Thailand, and Java) is famous for corundum deposits.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in high-end jewelry (rings, pendants) and as a collector's gemstone. Industrial-grade corundum is used for abrasives.

Geological facts

Orange sapphires are sometimes called 'Songea sapphires' if they originate from Tanzania. A very rare pinkish-orange variety is known as 'Padparadscha,' which is one of the most valuable gems in the world.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its extreme hardness (9) and high refractive index. Field identification is difficult once faceted; professional gemological testing (refractometer/microscope) is required to distinguish it from orange zircon, garnet, or synthetic cubic zirconia.