sedimentary
Jasper with Iron Staining
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Variegated greens, browns, and reddish-orange (due to iron oxides); Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Variegated greens, browns, and reddish-orange (due to iron oxides); Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the process of silica precipitation from hydrothermal fluids or in sedimentary environments. Its colors are derived from mineral impurities like iron and manganese. Can range from Precambrian to recent geological eras.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for ornamental purposes, lapidary carvings, jewelry (cabochons), and as a collector's specimen.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The name comes from the Greek 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone.' It has been used by ancient civilizations for seals and talismans for thousands of years.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its extreme hardness (cannot be scratched by a steel knife) and waxy luster. Look for it in riverbeds or gravel deposits near volcanic or sedimentary basaltic regions.
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