mineral
Peacock Ore (Bornite or Chalcopyrite)
Bornite (Cu5FeS4) or Acid-Washed Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2)
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs); Color: Iridescent blues, purples, and golds; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic or Tetragonal; Specific Gravity: 4.1-5.3
- Hardness
- 3-4 (Mohs)
- Color
- Iridescent blues, purples, and golds
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs); Color: Iridescent blues, purples, and golds; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic or Tetragonal; Specific Gravity: 4.1-5.3
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and contact metamorphic zones, typically as a primary mineral in copper deposits. Natural tarnishing creates iridescent hues, though market specimens are often acid-treated.
Uses & applications
Major ore of copper; highly popular as a decorative mineral specimen for collectors and children.
Geological facts
While true Bornite naturally tarnishes to these colors, most bright specimens sold in shops are actually Chalcopyrite that has been treated with acid to force the colorful oxidation.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its intense metallic iridescence and dark gray/black streak. Found in major copper mining regions like Arizona (USA), Chile, and Mexico.
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