mineral
Peridot (Olivine)
Magnesium Iron Silicate (Mg,Fe)2SiO4
Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Olive-green to lime; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.27-3.37
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Olive-green to lime
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Olive-green to lime; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.27-3.37
Formation & geological history
Peridot is formed deep in the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by volcanic activity. It is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color and can also be found in certain types of meteorites (pallasites).
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry such as rings, necklaces, and earrings. It is also the birthstone for August and has significant value for mineral collectors.
Geological facts
Peridot is sometimes called the 'Evening Emerald' because it maintains its brilliant green color even under artificial light. It has been found in the dust of comets and in meteorites over 4 billion years old.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its distinct oily green color and lack of reaction to acid. It is commonly found in basaltic rocks, particularly in locations like Arizona (San Carlos Reservation), Egypt (St. John's Island), and Myanmar.
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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Schist
Schist
Metamorphic
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)
Mineral
Nephrite Jade
Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous