mineral
Peridot (Olivine)
Olivine ((Mg, Fe)2SiO4)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Olive-green to lime green, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal structure: Orthorhombic, Cleavage: Poor, Specific gravity: 3.2-4.3.
- Hardness
- 6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Olive-green to lime green, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal structure: Orthorhombic, Cleavage: Poor, Specific gravity: 3.2-4.3.
Formation & geological history
Formed deep within the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by basaltic magmas during volcanic eruptions. It is one of the few gems that form in the mantle rather than the crust.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry, especially for rings, earrings, and necklaces. It is the birthstone for August.
Geological facts
Peridot has been found in pallasite meteorites, meaning this gemstone can literally come from outer space. Ancient Egyptians called it the 'gem of the sun'.
Field identification & locations
Identifiable by its distinct olive-green hue and 'lily pad' inclusions (circular fractures). Common locations include Arizona (USA), Pakistan, Myanmar, and the Canary Islands.
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Other mineral specimens
Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Schist
Schist
Metamorphic
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)
Mineral
Nephrite Jade
Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous