
sedimentary
Polished leopard jasper (likely orbicular jasper)
Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly with hematite, iron oxides, and other silicates
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; multicolored red, cream, gray, black, and brown orbicular/brecciated patterns; opaque, waxy to vitreous luster; no visible cleavage; cryptocrystalline structure. The pictured piece is polished and likely shaped as a cabochon or palm stone.
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Physical properties
Hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; multicolored red, cream, gray, black, and brown orbicular/brecciated patterns; opaque, waxy to vitreous luster; no visible cleavage; cryptocrystalline structure. The pictured piece is polished and likely shaped as a cabochon or palm stone.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich fluids cement volcanic or sedimentary material, with iron oxides producing red and brown colors and orbicular textures. It is generally Cenozoic or older, depending on the deposit.
Uses & applications
Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, polished stones, and decorative objects; valued mainly as an ornamental lapidary material.
Geological facts
“Leopard jasper” is a trade name rather than a single precisely defined mineral species; similar material may be sold as leopard skin jasper, ocean jasper, or orbicular jasper.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its opaque surface, strong red-black-cream patterning, lack of glass-like transparency, and inability to scratch it with a steel knife easily. Similar jasper occurs in Madagascar, Mexico, Indonesia, Brazil, and the western United States.
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