mineral

Polished malachite

Malachite — Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂, a hydrated copper carbonate hydroxide

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically vivid green with concentric or banded patterns, vitreous to silky luster, and opaque appearance; Mohs hardness 3.5–4, monoclinic crystal system, perfect cleavage, and specific gravity about 3.6–4.0. The rounded form is polished/tumbled.

Identified August 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms relatively shallow in oxidized zones of copper deposits, commonly as crusts, botryoidal masses, or veins replacing limestone; most specimens are geologically young compared with their host rocks. Common sources include the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, Russia, Australia, and the southwestern United States.

Uses & applications

Used as an ornamental stone, carved material, pigment historically, jewelry, and copper ore; its softness makes it unsuitable for most construction applications.

Geological facts

Its green color comes from copper, and acid can cause slight effervescence. Avoid prolonged water, acids, heat, and abrasive cleaning because polished malachite scratches and can degrade.

Field identification & locations

Identify by intense green banding, high density, opaque polish, and softness; a copper-bearing mineral test or laboratory analysis confirms it. Common tumbled pieces sell for about $5–$30; larger, strongly patterned quality specimens may bring $50–$300+.