Rock Identifier
Polished septarian nodule (Septarian concretion, commonly calcite-filled mudstone (calcite CaCO₃, aragonite, barite, and clay minerals)) — sedimentary
sedimentary

Polished septarian nodule

Septarian concretion, commonly calcite-filled mudstone (calcite CaCO₃, aragonite, barite, and clay minerals)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness is typically 3–4 for calcite-rich areas and about 6–7 for the enclosing matrix; tan-brown exterior with gray, cream, or golden mineral-filled cracks, earthy to waxy luster, and irregular internal cavities. Calcite commonly shows rhombohedral cleavage and may effervesce in dilute hydrochloric acid.

Identified More sedimentary
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Physical properties

Hardness is typically 3–4 for calcite-rich areas and about 6–7 for the enclosing matrix; tan-brown exterior with gray, cream, or golden mineral-filled cracks, earthy to waxy luster, and irregular internal cavities. Calcite commonly shows rhombohedral cleavage and may effervesce in dilute hydrochloric acid.

Formation & geological history

Forms when a clay-rich sedimentary nodule contracts and cracks during burial; mineral-rich groundwater later fills the fractures. Many commercial specimens formed in Cretaceous–Eocene marine sediments, roughly 50–100 million years ago.

Uses & applications

Used as decorative polished stone, bookends, cabochons, and metaphysical collectibles; not generally used as structural construction stone.

Geological facts

The characteristic polygonal crack network is called septaria. Golden-brown coloration commonly comes from iron oxides, while gray or sparkling veins are often calcite or aragonite.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its rounded nodule shape, polygonal veins, contrasting clay matrix, and relatively soft calcite fillings; common sources include Utah, Madagascar, Morocco, and England. A polished surface can obscure acid reaction and texture.