sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (primarily Quartz SiO₂ with Hematite Fe₂O₃ staining)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown to terracotta; Luster: Dull; Texture: Granular/gritty like sandpaper; Cleavage: None (breaks across grains).
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Reddish-brown to terracotta
- Luster
- Dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Reddish-brown to terracotta; Luster: Dull; Texture: Granular/gritty like sandpaper; Cleavage: None (breaks across grains).
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, often in desert or river environments. Red coloring indicates deposition in an oxygen-rich environment (oxidized iron).
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction for paving, walls, and decorative stone. Historically significant for building monuments and cathedrals.
Geological facts
Famous for forming the iconic landscapes of the Grand Canyon and Petra. The red color is essentially 'rust' coating the individual sand grains.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture and distinct reddish color. Found globally in ancient sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for ripple marks or small fossils within the layers.
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