sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years in environments like deserts, riverbeds, or oceans.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in glass manufacturing, and as a decorative stone in landscaping and aquariums.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is often porous and serves as a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Found globally in canyon walls, river banks, and sedimentary basins.
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