Bloodstone / Heliotrope

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Dark green with red splotches; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64

Bloodstone is a variety of chalcedony formed through the deposition of silica from water in cavities of other rocks. The red spots are caused by inclusions of iron oxide (hematite) or red jasper, while the green color comes from chlorite or actinolite. Variations occur in hydrothermal environments across many geological ages.

Primarily used for lapidary work including jewelry (beads, cabochons), ornate carvings, seals, and as a popular collector's mineral for its unique aesthetic and historical associations.

In the Middle Ages, the red spots were believed to be the blood of Christ. It is the traditional birthstone for March and was famously used in antiquity for Babylonian seals and Roman intaglios.

Identify by its deep forest-green base with distinctive red flecks. It is commonly found in India, Brazil, Australia, and Germany. Collectors look for a high contrast between the green and the 'blood' spots and a high-polish waxy finish.