sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Arkosic or Quartzose)
Sandstone (SiO2 dominated)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brownish-grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brownish-grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brownish-grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years through lithification.
Uses & applications
Used widely as a building material, in the manufacturing of glass, for road construction as aggregate, and occasionally for filtration systems.
Geological facts
Sandstone records historical environmental changes; the layers can indicate ancient wind patterns or water currents. Some of the world's most famous natural arches and canyons are carved from sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper). Often found in outcrop layers called strata. Commonly found in basins or arid regions like the American Southwest.
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