igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Igneous Rock)
Hardness (Mohs scale): 6-7. Color: Pinkish-red, grey, and black. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained large interlocking crystals). Cleavage: None (fractures). Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.
- Color
- Pinkish-red, grey, and black
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness (Mohs scale): 6-7. Color: Pinkish-red, grey, and black. Luster: Dull to vitreous. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained large interlocking crystals). Cleavage: None (fractures). Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). Granites can be hundreds of millions to billions of years old, often found in the continental crust of shield areas.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents. The pink color in this specimen is due to the presence of potassium feldspar (orthoclase). It is one of the hardest natural materials used in building.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'salt and pepper' look and visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and darker mica. Common in mountain ranges and glacial deposits. For collectors, look for distinct large crystals or unusual coloring.
