sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic texture; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, yellow, red
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic texture; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (detritus) like sand. Commonly formed in river beds, deserts, or coastal areas through lithification over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a construction material for masonry, paving, and decorative garden features. Historically used for architectural landmarks and grindstones.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations in Sedona, Arizona and the Grand Canyon are primarily sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Look for a gritty, sand-like texture that feels like sandpaper. Often contains distinct layering or 'bedding' structures. Widely found in sedimentary basins globally.
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