mineral
Quartz (Iron-stained)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with hematite/limonite inclusions
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-orange to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pinkish-orange to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-orange to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed through hydrothermal processes or within igneous rocks like granite. This specific rounded shape indicates water-worn weathering, likely from a riverbed or coastal environment. Common across all geological eras.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as decorative aggregate, in landscaping, or as a semi-precious gemstone. High-purity quartz is essential for making glass, semiconductors, and precision electronics.
Geological facts
The orange/pink hue is caused by microscopic iron oxide (rust) coating the surface or filling tiny internal fractures. Quartz is the most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (it will scratch glass but cannot be scratched by a steel knife) and lack of cleavage. Found globally in almost any river or beach with silicates.
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Metamorphic
Epidote
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metamorphic
Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
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Mineral
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Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous