mineral
Quartz Vein in Host Rock
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with host rock (often Schist or Basalt)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs); Color: White to translucent milky white; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs)
- Color
- White to translucent milky white
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs); Color: White to translucent milky white; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed by hydrothermal activity where silica-rich hot fluids circulate through fractures in existing host rock, precipitating quartz as they cool. These often form in metamorphic or igneous environments during mountain-building events.
Uses & applications
Quartz is used in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, and as a gemstone (semi-precious). Large veins can be indicators for gold prospecting.
Geological facts
Quartz veins are often associated with 'lode' gold deposits. The white color in milky quartz is caused by tiny fluid inclusions of gas and/or liquid trapped during crystal growth.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (will scratch glass), white color contrast against darker host rock, and lack of cleavage. Common in mountainous regions and metamorphic terranes globally.
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