mineral
Quartz with Iron Staining
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Milky white to translucent with orange/red iron oxide staining; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (hexagonal system); Cleavage: Indistinct/Conchoidal fracture.
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Milky white to translucent with orange/red iron oxide staining; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (hexagonal system); Cleavage: Indistinct/Conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Forms through the cooling of molten rock or by precipitation from hydrothermal veins. This sample shows secondary iron oxidation (limonite or hematite) resulting from exposure to water and air.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a gemstone when high quality, in glass making, electronics (piezoelectric properties), and as an abrasive in industry.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. Iron staining is often found in 'Red Quartz' or 'Hematoid Quartz', where iron oxide is trapped within or on the surface of the crystals.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (cannot be scratched by a steel knife) and its lack of cleavage. Found globally in almost all geological environments.
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