mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: White to colorless (milky); Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- White to colorless (milky)
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: White to colorless (milky); Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's crust and can be found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments.
Uses & applications
Used widely in glass making, electronics (due to piezoelectric properties), abrasives, construction as a component of concrete, and as a semi-precious gemstone in jewelry.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It can withstand significant chemical and physical weathering, which is why it is the primary component of most beach sands.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (it will scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and glassy appearance. It is found globally, particularly in mountainous regions and riverbeds.
